鄂尔多斯地块—扬子地块深部电性结构特征及其动力学意义     

吕宏斌  叶高峰  金胜  魏文博  董浩  张乐天  谢成良  尹曜田 《地质论评》2020,66(4):813-828

位于青藏高原东北缘的秦岭造山带在大地构造上南接扬子地块、北接华北地块,是特提斯构造域和古亚洲洋构造域的转换带。本文基于对一条起始于扬子地块,穿过秦岭造山带和鄂尔多斯地块,到达河套地堑的南北向大地电磁测深剖面的研究,探讨秦岭造山带和其北侧的鄂尔多斯地块、南侧的扬子地块之间的接触关系,以及青藏高原物质东北向逃逸等地学问题。对实测数据进行了张量阻抗分解和维性分析等工作,并对剖面进行了二维反演,获得岩石圈电性结构模型。根据电阻率模型认为:在秦岭造山带北部发现大规模"瓶颈状"分布的低阻异常体(C2),可能为华北、华南地块双向俯冲前缘地幔物质的上涌通道,或者是青藏高原中、下地壳物质沿秦岭造山带中构造薄弱位置向东逃逸的通道;在秦岭造山带和大巴山弧形带边界处发现南倾的低阻异常(C1),解释为大巴山弧形带北缘的逆冲断裂在电性上的反映;电性结构模型中,扬子地块高阻异常体(R2、R3和R4)向北倾斜至秦岭造山带下方,而北部鄂尔多斯地块的高阻异常体(R5和R6)向南倾斜至秦岭造山带下方;高阻异常通常被认为是稳定岩石圈的反映,据此推断这两组相向俯冲至秦岭造山带下方的高阻异常是华北地块和扬子地块向秦岭造山带下方汇聚的电性结构探测依据;鄂尔多斯地块南、北电性差异较大,北部中、下地壳大规模分布电阻率值在3～100Ω·m之间的低阻异常体,可能为地幔上涌导致的局部熔融或含盐流体共同作用的结果。  相似文献   

Atypical occlusion process caused by the merger of a sea-breeze front and gust front     

Abuduwaili Abulikemu  Xin Xu  Yuan Wang  Jinfeng Ding  Yan Wang 《大气科学进展》2015,32(10):1431-1443

An atypical occlusion process that occurred in North China on 14 July 2011 is studied based on both observations and a real-data Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model simulation. The results show that this atypical occlusion process was significantly different from the traditional, synoptic-scale occlusion process that occurs within extratropical cyclones. It was caused by the merger of two cold-type mesoscale fronts. One of the fronts developed from the gust front of convective storms, while the other was a sea-breeze front. As the two fronts moved towards each other, the warm air between them was squeezed and separated from the surface. An atypical occluded front was formed when the two fronts merged, with the warm air forced aloft. This kind of occlusion is termed a "merger" process, different from the well-known "catch-up" and "wrap-up" processes. Moreover, local convection was found to be enhanced during the merger process, with severe convective weather produced in the merger area.  相似文献   

一次积层混合云的形成过程和微物理观测     

刘莹莹  牛生杰  封秋娟  刘端阳  陆春松  刘霖蔚 《大气科学学报》2012,35(2):186-196

利用2009年5月8日多普勒雷达资料和飞机穿云观测资料,综合分析了西风槽影响下山西省一次积层混合云的形成过程和微物理结构。结果表明,此次飞机探测到的积层混合云是由对流单体多次并合形成的带状对流云团减弱后形成的,云中嵌有明显的对流泡,最大强度为45～50dBZ,最大垂直尺度在6km左右。CDP(cloud droplet probe,前向散射粒子谱探头)、CIP(cloud ima-ging probe,二维灰度云粒子探头)、PIP(precipitation imaging probe,二维灰度降水粒子探头)测量的平均数浓度变化范围分别是132.4～220.2cm^-3、1.54×10^-1～6.28×100cm^-3、9.09×10^-4～7.34×10^-3cm^-3。二维图像表明,冷层中的固态粒子主要是形状不规则的霰粒子,说明过冷水供应充足;在-7℃左右观测到柱状聚合体和凇附程度不同的冰雪晶粒子,表明柱状冰晶通过凝华形成后,碰并和凇附是其增长为霰粒子的重要机制。不同高度的CDP平均谱(2～50μm)存在一定的差异,因低层水汽凝结作用较强,2～18μm的云粒子数浓度基本随高度的增加而降低;因暖层中碰并效率低和冷层中小冰晶浓度随高度增加,24～35μm粒子数浓度随高度增加而增大。CIP平均谱(25～1550μm),除4100m为双峰谱外,其他高度均为单峰谱。PIP平均谱(100～6200μm),4450m高度处的粒子谱宽和数浓度最大,3200～4000μm之间出现大值区域,表明对流单体及周边区域为较大固态降水粒子的形成提供了良好的环境。  相似文献   

On the merger of subsurface isolated vortices     

Daniele Ciani  Xavier Carton  Jacques Verron 《地球物理与天体物理流体动力学》2016,110(1):23-49

Vortex merger is a phenomenon characterizing the whole class of geophysical vortices, from atmospheric storms and large oceanic eddies up to small scale turbulence. Here we focus on the merger of subsurface oceanic anticyclones in an idealized primitive equations model. This study has been motivated by past and recent observations of colliding lens-like anticyclones off of Gibraltar Strait. The critical conditions for merger (critical merger distance and time needed for merger) are determined. We will show that the predictions of classical two-dimensional merger are not verified for subsurface isolated vortices. For instance, critical merger distances will be reduced because of the vortex potential vorticity (PV) structure. The post-merger characteristics of the vortex (radius, extension and PV), are also determined. Merger-related effects, like production of peripheral filaments and small-scale eddies are also investigated and suggest the contribution of merger in both direct and inverse energy cascades.  相似文献   

苏州城郊村镇分布特征   总被引：24，自引：1，他引：23  

王跃  陈亚莉 《地理学报》2005,60(2):229-236

苏州市郊区村镇密布,基本上呈一里一村。在近20年的地区城市化快速发展带动下,村镇面积也逐步扩大,但众多村镇的空间分布格局一直未变。在苏州实现全面小康社会目标以及保护耕地,实现耕地总量动态平衡的要求下,村镇的传统分布格局必须有所调整,否则会影响小康目标以及可持续发展在整个地区的顺利实现。为此,利用遥感和GIS技术提取了苏州城郊390个村镇的空间分布特征参数,主要包括村镇面积、面积等级、密度以及村镇之间距离。通过对这些参数的统计分析,探讨了本区村镇分布的主要影响因素和基本表现规律,分析了进行苏州郊区村镇布局调整的可能性与意义,在此基础上提出了一种进行村镇布局调整的决策方法,从地理科学角度为苏州地区耕地保护和城乡统筹科学发展提供技术支持。  相似文献   

AGB Phase Transition in Globular Clusters: A Tool for Dating Starbursts     

Claudia Maraston  Markus Kissler-Patig  Jean Brodie  Pauline Barmby  John Huchra 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2002,281(1-2):137-138

A new method to detect and study young star clusters is presented. This is based on the knowledge that the light of stellar populations with ages between ∼ 200 Myr and ∼ 1/2 Gyr is dominated by very red, bright AGB stars. Star clusters undergoing this so-called ‘AGB phase transition’ are featured by very red V-K colours, like those of Magellanic Clouds clusters, while optical colours like B-V remain blue typical for young populations. The best channel for detecting star clusters in this age range is therefore the near IR. From the theoretical side, SSP models including properly the contribution of the bright AGB are required (Maraston, 1998). Using this strategy, we succesfully detected the AGB phase transition among the clusters of the merger remnant galaxy NGC 7252 (see Maraston etal., 2001). This revised version was published online in September 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

对反向变分流电法勘探原理的剖析     

Fu Liangkui 《地球科学》1986,(2)

本文阐明了反向变分流系统地下电流的分布特点和规律。文中还给出了反向变分流电阻率法视电阻率的异常表达式,计算了装置系数和电流分配系数之间的关系,并阐明其规律和作用。最后,作为一个例子,分析了水平地层上反向变分流电测深法视电阻率的异常分布规律,并指出它在勘探中的作用。  相似文献   

Hydrodynamical Modeling Of Oceanic Vortices   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Xavier Carton 《Surveys in Geophysics》2001,22(3):179-263

Mesoscale coherent vortices are numerous in the ocean.Though they possess various structures in temperature and salinity,they are all long-lived, fairly intense and mostly circular. Thephysical variable which best describes the rotation and the density anomaly associated with coherent vortices is potential vorticity. It is diagnostically related to velocity and pressure, when the vortex is stationary. Stationary vortices can be monopolar (circular or elliptical) or multipolar; their stability analysis shows thattransitions between the various stationary shapes are possible when they become unstable. But stable vortices can also undergo unsteady evolutions when perturbed by environmental effects, likelarge-scale shear or strain fields, -effect or topography. Changes in vortex shapes can also result from vortex interactions. such as the pairing, merger or vertical alignment of two vortices, which depend on their relative polarities and depths. Such interactions transfer energy and enstrophy between scales, and are essential in two-dimensional and in geostrophic turbulence. Finally, in relation with the observations, we describe a few mechanisms of vortex generation.  相似文献   

积云并合在强对流系统形成中的作用   总被引：6，自引：8，他引：6  

付丹红  郭学良 《大气科学》2007,31(4):635-644

利用中尺度非静力平衡模式（MM5V3），模拟研究了积云并合过程在北京2001年8月23日一次产生强降水和冰雹对流天气形成中的作用。研究结果表明，积云并合在此次强中尺度对流系统（MCS）形成中有非常重要作用。整个形成过程经历了从单体并合、积云团并合和强中心并合的多尺度并合过程。首先，相邻孤立对流单体之间通过在中层形成云桥并合成为积云团，接着相邻积云团之间也通过中层云桥并合形成具有多个强中心的中尺度对流系统，最后，中尺度对流系统内强中心实现并合。而强中心并合过程伴随着强降水、大风等剧烈天气的产生。积云下沉气流对于积云并合有着重要作用，由强辐散出流形成的上升气流及与环境风相互作用有利于并合的形成和发展。并合过程导致云内上升－下沉气流增强，对流运动发展加强，有利于水汽转化，形成大量过冷云水和冰相粒子。大量冰晶和霰的形成有利于强降水的产生。  相似文献   

鄂东南地区印支期以来构造变形特征及油气意义   总被引：8，自引：5，他引：8  

刘新民  郭战峰 《大地构造与成矿学》2006,30(1):18-22

利用区域地震大剖面及MT资料,结合地面地质调查成果,对鄂东南地区的深部地质结构及典型构造样式进行了分析,认为该区发育以基底岩系顶面和志留系顶面为主滑脱面的大型逆冲推覆构造,并识别出双重逆冲构造、叠瓦状构造、台阶式结构、对冲构造及反冲断层等典型构造样式;同时对上下地质结构的变异进行了探讨,提出志留系滑脱层之下的“原地体”具有变形相对较弱、褶皱宽缓开阔的特点,在后期拉张改造中受到上盘“异地体”的保护,应是有利的油气勘探领域,双重逆冲构造内部发育的断层相关褶皱(如随阳构造)是重点勘探目标。  相似文献